E2331 HCPCS code: Power wheelchair accessory, attendant control, proportional, including all related electronics and fixed mounting hardware
E2331 is the HCPCS Level II code for power wheelchair accessory, attendant control, proportional, including all related electronics and fixed mounting hardware. In 2024 Medicare paid an average of $701.96 per service for E2331 across 227 services. Its Medicare coverage code is C (Carrier judgment): Coverage is decided by the Medicare contractor (MAC) case by case. The NCCI unit limit is 1 per day on DME suppliers. Medicare volume rose 3% from 2022 to 2024 (221 to 227 services). In 2024, 114 suppliers billed Medicare for E2331 (purchases), serving 226 beneficiaries; California, Nevada, New York accounted for 56% of services.
Code details
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Section | E codes — Durable medical equipment |
| Coverage code | C — Carrier judgment |
| Pricing indicator | 32 — DMEPOS: inexpensive or routinely purchased item |
| BETOS category | D1D — Wheelchairs |
| Added | 2004-01-01 |
| Last action effective | 2004-01-01 |
Who bills E2331 (2024)
| Measure | Value |
|---|---|
| Suppliers billing rentals | — |
| Suppliers billing purchases | 114 |
| Referring clinicians | 196 |
| Medicare beneficiaries | 226 |
| States with claims | 7 |
| Share of services in top 3 states (California, Nevada, New York) | 56% |
| Year | Suppliers | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 104 | 221 |
| 2023 | 113 | 212 |
| 2024 | 114 | 226 |
Counts only. Supplier and clinician names, contact lists and state-by-state detail are in Caduvo.
Medicare utilization for E2331, 2022–2024
| Year | Services | Beneficiaries | Avg. allowed | Avg. paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 221 | 221 | $872.86 | $680.14 |
| 2023 | 213 | 212 | $926.22 | $711.41 |
| 2024 | 227 | 226 | $900.85 | $701.96 |
States with the most E2331 services (2024)
| State | Services | Avg. paid |
|---|---|---|
| California | 32 | $757.01 |
| Nevada | 26 | $603.29 |
| New York | 19 | $545.07 |
| Ohio | 17 | $715.33 |
| Minnesota | 17 | $730.70 |
NCCI unit limits (MUE)
| Claim type | Max units per day | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| DME suppliers | 1 | Code Descriptor / CPT Instruction |
Medicare policy articles for this code
- A52504: Wheelchair Options/Accessories - Policy Article (CGS Administrators, LLC (DME MAC) Noridian Healthcare Solutions, LLC (DME MAC)) — mentions this code in its coding guidance
What changed for E2331
- 2004-01-01: E2331 added to HCPCS Level II
- Next scheduled CMS quarterly update (HCPCS and DMEPOS fee schedule): 2027-01-01
Frequently asked questions
What is HCPCS code E2331?
E2331 is the HCPCS Level II code for power wheelchair accessory, attendant control, proportional, including all related electronics and fixed mounting hardware. Short descriptor: "Attendant control".
How much does Medicare pay for E2331?
In 2024, the average Medicare payment was $701.96 per service (average allowed $900.85).
Does Medicare cover E2331?
Coverage code C — Carrier judgment. Coverage is decided by the Medicare contractor (MAC) case by case.
How many units of E2331 can be billed per day?
1 on DME suppliers (NCCI medically unlikely edits).
Related E23 codes
- E2300 — Wheelchair accessory, power seat elevation system, any type
- E2301 — Wheelchair accessory, power standing system, any type
- E2310 — Power wheelchair accessory, electronic connection between wheelchair controller and one power seating system motor, including all related electronics, indicator feature, mechanical function selection switch, and fixed mounting hardware ($135.70–$172.50)
- E2311 — Power wheelchair accessory, electronic connection between wheelchair controller and two or more power seating system motors, including all related electronics, indicator feature, mechanical function selection switch, and fixed mounting hardware ($273.84–$349.22)
- E2312 — Power wheelchair accessory, hand or chin control interface, mini-proportional remote joystick, proportional, including fixed mounting hardware ($276.37–$375.72)
- E2313 — Power wheelchair accessory, harness for upgrade to expandable controller, including all fasteners, connectors and mounting hardware, each ($43.92–$46.77)
- E2321 — Power wheelchair accessory, hand control interface, remote joystick, nonproportional, including all related electronics, mechanical stop switch, and fixed mounting hardware ($184.38–$381.55)
- E2322 — Power wheelchair accessory, hand control interface, multiple mechanical switches, nonproportional, including all related electronics, mechanical stop switch, and fixed mounting hardware ($173.22–$404.04)
- E2323 — Power wheelchair accessory, specialty joystick handle for hand control interface, prefabricated ($8.47–$101.92)
- E2324 — Power wheelchair accessory, chin cup for chin control interface ($5.35–$65.02)
- E2325 — Power wheelchair accessory, sip and puff interface, nonproportional, including all related electronics, mechanical stop switch, and manual swingaway mounting hardware ($165.44–$198.54)
- E2326 — Power wheelchair accessory, breath tube kit for sip and puff interface ($42.65–$51.17)
Building a device that would bill under a code like this? Caduvo matches a device description to HCPCS/CPT codes, Medicare coverage and payment, and the FDA pathway in one report.
Next steps
- Run a reimbursement report for a device billed under E2331
- Watch E2331 for fee, coverage and descriptor changes
- Build a full Medicare revenue model for E2331
Sources: CMS HCPCS Level II release October 2025; CMS DMEPOS fee schedule; CMS NCCI MUE tables; CMS Medicare utilization (physician and DME supplier files); CMS Medicare Coverage Database articles. Fees are Medicare allowables, not commercial rates. Not billing or legal advice.